Digital security

“What’s up Doxx?” (Part 1):
Define the perimeter of your online privacy

05/03/2025
3 min read
IMAGE: PIXTA.
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Reporters Without Borders (RSF) designed this series of exercises aimed at preventing doxxing, which consists of exposing someone’s private information for harassment purposes. The first exercise aims to make journalists aware of the range of personal information a doxxer might find.

What is doxxing? It’s a form of online harassment in which a target’s personal and sensitive information is posted publicly on the internet with the intent of causing harm. Digital footprints can reveal far more than a person is originally willing to disclose, all it takes is a malicious actor to hunt through it. A name can lead to a phone number, an address, a location, and information in the wrong hands can pose a threat to journalists and their loved ones. It is vital that journalists concerned with privacy understand their digital trail.

Objective: To become aware of the different types of sensitive information that we voluntarily (or involuntarily) put online and that a doxxer may target; and to narrow down what needs to be prioritised for protection based on the level of harm the leakage of information could cause.

Time: 15 mins

Process: Go through the list below and ask yourself: “Would leakage of this information cause important harm to me?” Tick the box when applicable. 

THE CHECKLIST

1. Basic personal data
□ Real name, surname
□ Birthdate, place of birth
□ Phone number(s)
□ Email address(es)
□ Home address(es)

2. Sensitive personal data
□ Sexual orientation or relationships
□ Religious or cultural practices
□ Past or present substance abuse

3. Professional information
□ Employment history, resumes, or CVs
□ Place of current employment
□ Colleagues’ or employers’ names and contacts

4. Social and relationship details
□ Significant others (e.g., name(s), social media profile(s))
□ Friends or acquaintances in the same social circles
□ Divorce or custody battle details
□ Dating app profiles or messages
□ Clubs, hobbies, or recreational activities

5. Online activity
□ Social media handles and profile names
□ Past usernames or aliases used online
□ Forum or community posts, especially controversial ones
□ Browsing history
□ IP addresses tied to devices or accounts
□ Device serial numbers
□ Frequently used Wi-Fi networks
□ Leaked database entries (from breached websites or apps)

6. Communication details
□  Private messages from social media or forums
□ Call logs or texting history
□ Messaging app handles (e.g., Signal, Telegram, Skype)

7. Geolocation and travel
□ Real-time location tracked through apps or social media posts
□ Frequently visited places, such as gyms, coffee shops, or libraries
□ Travel history or upcoming travel plans
□ Flight or train tickets and itineraries

8. Medical information
□ Health conditions or diagnoses
□ Medical history from forums or leaked records
□ Medications or prescriptions
□ Doctor or hospital names

9. Financial information
□ Bank account details (e.g., account numbers)
□ Credit card numbers or billing addresses
□ Loan information or payment records
□ Tax records, tax identification number
□ Cryptocurrency wallet addresses

Result: After going through the list, you should have a better idea about what kind of personal information a malicious actor would likely use to inflict harm. This exercise is foundational to the next exercise in this series that helps you check personal data from search engines.

→ Read Part 2: How much of your private life can be found on Google?
→ Read Part 3: How much of your private life can be found on social media?
→ Read Part 4: How to protect yourself from doxxing

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